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On the program:
- 82 years since the first radio broadcast of speech and music in Bulgaria
- Radio Calendar
- Broadcast tips
- DX Mix
The first reports about transmission of wireless telegraph radio signals in this country go back to 1903 when the Sofia military garrison made such broadcasts. The first official Bulgarian radio transmitter was operational in the early 1911 on board the Nadezhda cruiser off the Varna coast. A radio telegraph station opened in 1914 in Sofia too, and later three other stations with smaller capacities were launched in the capital's vicinity. All transmitters used the Morse code for transmission and reception and were of the so-called spark-gap type. At the time they operated it was impossible to listen to any foreign radio stations with speech and music in their vicinity resulting from the powerful jamming created by the spark-gap transmitter. In 1926 the authorities decided to buy new radio telegraph transmitters for dislocation in Sofia. A tender was held that was won by the British company Marconi Wireless. It delivered the devices and in 1929 they were already functioning. One of them was for telegraph and telephone communications on long waves at a frequency of 105 kHz, and the other two – on shortwave on 7460 and 14970 kHz, for radiotelegraphy. In 1929 Bulgaria had more than 2000 radio subscribers. They listened to speech and music from foreign countries as there was no Bulgarian transmitter available. Under international agreements a Bulgarian transmitter should have the frequency of 1390 kHz, but following the conference in Prague, Czechoslovakia in 1929, that frequency changed to 940 kHz. While the authorities failed to act for the purchase of a transmitter for speech and music, some enthusiasts from the army's radio-technological service decided to carry out the job. In 1929 a group of military technicians led by Georgi Vulkov assembled a radio transmitter for broadcasts of speech and music. Georgi Vulkov was a Bulgarian born in 1902 in Tulchea in present-day Romania. He had graduated from a polytechnic in Germany in 1917 and worked as a radio technician in the army. In 1935 he assembled his own telegraph radio transmitter and came in radio contact with telegraphers from all continents. And so we come to the date of 24 November 1929 when at 9 am Bulgarian time on 210 m or 1429 kHz the words, "Radio Sofia calling" were heard on the air. This has been recognized as the first radio broadcast in the history of Bulgaria. In the days that followed broadcasts were carried on 350 m or 857 kHz. For the transmission of the programs a receiver antenna 50 m long and 14 m high, was used positioned on the roof of the barracks. The power for the radio transmitter came from a petrol motor with a generator. The transmitter itself was equipped with two Marconi radio bulbs with a capacity of 80 watts each. This was how radio broadcasting in Bulgaria started. It continued using the transmitter of the civil association Rodno Radio (Native Radio). In 1935 the radio became the monopoly of the state.
Radio Calendar
The date 1 Nov. is linked to Radio Romania in 1928 and to Trans World Radio Swaziland in 1974. On 16 November 1937 the first test transmission was held on 850 kHz from the 100-kilowatt radio transmitter in Vakarel, Western Bulgaria. That transmitter is the 16th most powerful one across Europe.
Broadcast tips
FRANCE : In the new radio season Radio France International was heard with the following broadcasts in English – all beamed to Africa : from 04.00 h on 7425 kHz ; from 05.00 h on 11995, from 06.00 on 9765 & 15160, from 07.00 h on 15615 kHz.
JAPAN : NHK Radio Japan was observed with broadcasts in English at 12.00 h on 9695 kHz from a transmitter located in Japan and at 05.25 h on Sunday with a program called Letterbox on 5975 kHz from a transmitter in Europe.
BANGLADESH&CHINA: Radio Bangladesh Betar with a program in Bengali is regularly observed here just before its close down at 14.59 h on 4750 kHz and interfering with a local transmitter from China on the same frequency.
ETHIOPIA : Radio Ethiopia Home Service from Addis Ababa was heard at 03.30 and at 17.00 with a program in Amharic on 9705 kHz and on parallel frequencies of 7235 and 9560 kHz. 7235 and 9560 are usually used for Radio Ethiopia Foreign Service.
MALAYSIA: Three local programs all with Malaysian and English disco and pop songs were heard on 29 October from 13.30 h on 6050, 7295 and 9835 kHz. On 7295 kHz the identification of the station was "Radio Trax".
AFRICA: On 28 October Radio Rwanda were heard on 6055 kHz at 1603 with news in Vernacular and at 18.32 with news in English, Radio Congo, Kinshasa on 6115 KHz just before their close down at 18.33 h and Radio Nasionaly, Madagascar at 18.30 h on 5010 kHz with news in French.
Compiled by Rumen Pankov
DX MIX
All times are in Universal Time Coordinated (UTC), all frequencies in kilohertz (kHz).
Belgium: In this edition – the winter schedules of stations operating via TDP:
Radio Miraya FM in Arabic and English for East Africa:
0300-0600 hrs on 9940 Mykolaiev 250 kW / 180 degrees
TDP Radio in DRM regime:
- to West Europe on frequency 6015 Issoudun 035 kW / 060 degrees
0700-0800 hrs on Monday; 0800-0900 hrs on Tuesday; 0900-1000 hrs on Wednesday; 1000-1100 hrs on Thursday; 1100-1200 hrs on Friday; 1200-1300 hrs on Saturday 1300-1400 hrs в Sunday
Khmer Post Radio in Khmer from Wednesday to Friday and Khmer People Power Movement in Khmer on Saturday and Sunday for Southeast Asia:
1200-1300 hrs on 9960 Palau 100 kW / 270 degrees
Now there are two stations operating via transmitters in Mykolaiev for West Asia
Denge Mezopotamya in Kurdish
0400-1500 hrs on 11530, 500 kW / 129 degrees and
1500-2000 hrs on 7540, 300 kW / 129 degrees
Gunaz Radio in Azeri
1730-1830 hrs on 7610, 250 kW / 130 degrees
Now there are three stations via Samara 250 kW / 188 degrees for East Africa:
Radio Democracia in Amharic
1200-1300 hrs on Sunday on 21555
Dmetse Tewahedo in Amharic
1830-1930 hrs on Saturday on 15370
Voice of Asena in Tigrinya
1700-1800 hrs on Monday, Wednesday and Friday on 15360
The Disco Palace in DRM regime
1530-1630 hrs on 12115 Issoudun 100 kW / 079 degrees for South Asia
2000-2100 hrs on 17755 Montsinery 100 kW / 311 degrees for North America
E-SAT Radio in Amharic for East Africa:
1700-1800 hrs on 15370 Grigoriopol 100 kW / 180 degrees
Suaab Xaa Moo Zoo in Hmong for Southeast Asia:
2230-2300 hrs on 7530 Taipei 100 kW / 250 degrees
New Zealand: And finally, the schedule of а Radio New Zealand International in English in force from 30 October. The station uses two transmitters in Rankitaiki with a capacity of 100 kW in АМ regime and with a capacity of 050 kW in DRM regime:
- to the Pacific, azimuth zero degrees
0459-0758 hrs on 11725 АМ and 13730 DRM
0759-1058 hrs on 9765 АМ and 9870 DRM
1259-1550 hrs on 5950 АМ
1851-1950 hrs on 11725 АМ and 15720 DRM
2151-0458 hrs on 15720 АМ and 17675 DRM
- for Solomon Islands and the Niue, Tonga, Samoa and Cook islands; azimuth zero degrees
1551-1650 hrs on 7440 АМ and 5950 DRM
1651-1750 hrs on 9765 АМ and 9890 DRM
1751-1850 hrs on 11725 АМ and 11675 DRM
1951-2050 hrs on 11725 АМ and 17675 DRM
2051-2150 hrs on 11725 АМ and 15720 DRM
- for Papua New Guinea and Timor, azimuth 325 degrees
1059-1258 hrs on 15720 АМ and 9870 DRM
Written by Ivo Ivanov, Frequency Manager of Radio Bulgaria
Translated by Daniela Konstantinova
- 82 years since the first radio broadcast of speech and music in Bulgaria
- Radio Calendar
- Broadcast tips
- DX Mix
The first reports about transmission of wireless telegraph radio signals in this country go back to 1903 when the Sofia military garrison made such broadcasts. The first official Bulgarian radio transmitter was operational in the early 1911 on board the Nadezhda cruiser off the Varna coast. A radio telegraph station opened in 1914 in Sofia too, and later three other stations with smaller capacities were launched in the capital's vicinity. All transmitters used the Morse code for transmission and reception and were of the so-called spark-gap type. At the time they operated it was impossible to listen to any foreign radio stations with speech and music in their vicinity resulting from the powerful jamming created by the spark-gap transmitter. In 1926 the authorities decided to buy new radio telegraph transmitters for dislocation in Sofia. A tender was held that was won by the British company Marconi Wireless. It delivered the devices and in 1929 they were already functioning. One of them was for telegraph and telephone communications on long waves at a frequency of 105 kHz, and the other two – on shortwave on 7460 and 14970 kHz, for radiotelegraphy. In 1929 Bulgaria had more than 2000 radio subscribers. They listened to speech and music from foreign countries as there was no Bulgarian transmitter available. Under international agreements a Bulgarian transmitter should have the frequency of 1390 kHz, but following the conference in Prague, Czechoslovakia in 1929, that frequency changed to 940 kHz. While the authorities failed to act for the purchase of a transmitter for speech and music, some enthusiasts from the army's radio-technological service decided to carry out the job. In 1929 a group of military technicians led by Georgi Vulkov assembled a radio transmitter for broadcasts of speech and music. Georgi Vulkov was a Bulgarian born in 1902 in Tulchea in present-day Romania. He had graduated from a polytechnic in Germany in 1917 and worked as a radio technician in the army. In 1935 he assembled his own telegraph radio transmitter and came in radio contact with telegraphers from all continents. And so we come to the date of 24 November 1929 when at 9 am Bulgarian time on 210 m or 1429 kHz the words, "Radio Sofia calling" were heard on the air. This has been recognized as the first radio broadcast in the history of Bulgaria. In the days that followed broadcasts were carried on 350 m or 857 kHz. For the transmission of the programs a receiver antenna 50 m long and 14 m high, was used positioned on the roof of the barracks. The power for the radio transmitter came from a petrol motor with a generator. The transmitter itself was equipped with two Marconi radio bulbs with a capacity of 80 watts each. This was how radio broadcasting in Bulgaria started. It continued using the transmitter of the civil association Rodno Radio (Native Radio). In 1935 the radio became the monopoly of the state.
Radio Calendar
The date 1 Nov. is linked to Radio Romania in 1928 and to Trans World Radio Swaziland in 1974. On 16 November 1937 the first test transmission was held on 850 kHz from the 100-kilowatt radio transmitter in Vakarel, Western Bulgaria. That transmitter is the 16th most powerful one across Europe.
Broadcast tips
FRANCE : In the new radio season Radio France International was heard with the following broadcasts in English – all beamed to Africa : from 04.00 h on 7425 kHz ; from 05.00 h on 11995, from 06.00 on 9765 & 15160, from 07.00 h on 15615 kHz.
JAPAN : NHK Radio Japan was observed with broadcasts in English at 12.00 h on 9695 kHz from a transmitter located in Japan and at 05.25 h on Sunday with a program called Letterbox on 5975 kHz from a transmitter in Europe.
BANGLADESH&CHINA: Radio Bangladesh Betar with a program in Bengali is regularly observed here just before its close down at 14.59 h on 4750 kHz and interfering with a local transmitter from China on the same frequency.
ETHIOPIA : Radio Ethiopia Home Service from Addis Ababa was heard at 03.30 and at 17.00 with a program in Amharic on 9705 kHz and on parallel frequencies of 7235 and 9560 kHz. 7235 and 9560 are usually used for Radio Ethiopia Foreign Service.
MALAYSIA: Three local programs all with Malaysian and English disco and pop songs were heard on 29 October from 13.30 h on 6050, 7295 and 9835 kHz. On 7295 kHz the identification of the station was "Radio Trax".
AFRICA: On 28 October Radio Rwanda were heard on 6055 kHz at 1603 with news in Vernacular and at 18.32 with news in English, Radio Congo, Kinshasa on 6115 KHz just before their close down at 18.33 h and Radio Nasionaly, Madagascar at 18.30 h on 5010 kHz with news in French.
Compiled by Rumen Pankov
DX MIX
All times are in Universal Time Coordinated (UTC), all frequencies in kilohertz (kHz).
Belgium: In this edition – the winter schedules of stations operating via TDP:
Radio Miraya FM in Arabic and English for East Africa:
0300-0600 hrs on 9940 Mykolaiev 250 kW / 180 degrees
TDP Radio in DRM regime:
- to West Europe on frequency 6015 Issoudun 035 kW / 060 degrees
0700-0800 hrs on Monday; 0800-0900 hrs on Tuesday; 0900-1000 hrs on Wednesday; 1000-1100 hrs on Thursday; 1100-1200 hrs on Friday; 1200-1300 hrs on Saturday 1300-1400 hrs в Sunday
Khmer Post Radio in Khmer from Wednesday to Friday and Khmer People Power Movement in Khmer on Saturday and Sunday for Southeast Asia:
1200-1300 hrs on 9960 Palau 100 kW / 270 degrees
Now there are two stations operating via transmitters in Mykolaiev for West Asia
Denge Mezopotamya in Kurdish
0400-1500 hrs on 11530, 500 kW / 129 degrees and
1500-2000 hrs on 7540, 300 kW / 129 degrees
Gunaz Radio in Azeri
1730-1830 hrs on 7610, 250 kW / 130 degrees
Now there are three stations via Samara 250 kW / 188 degrees for East Africa:
Radio Democracia in Amharic
1200-1300 hrs on Sunday on 21555
Dmetse Tewahedo in Amharic
1830-1930 hrs on Saturday on 15370
Voice of Asena in Tigrinya
1700-1800 hrs on Monday, Wednesday and Friday on 15360
The Disco Palace in DRM regime
1530-1630 hrs on 12115 Issoudun 100 kW / 079 degrees for South Asia
2000-2100 hrs on 17755 Montsinery 100 kW / 311 degrees for North America
E-SAT Radio in Amharic for East Africa:
1700-1800 hrs on 15370 Grigoriopol 100 kW / 180 degrees
Suaab Xaa Moo Zoo in Hmong for Southeast Asia:
2230-2300 hrs on 7530 Taipei 100 kW / 250 degrees
New Zealand: And finally, the schedule of а Radio New Zealand International in English in force from 30 October. The station uses two transmitters in Rankitaiki with a capacity of 100 kW in АМ regime and with a capacity of 050 kW in DRM regime:
- to the Pacific, azimuth zero degrees
0459-0758 hrs on 11725 АМ and 13730 DRM
0759-1058 hrs on 9765 АМ and 9870 DRM
1259-1550 hrs on 5950 АМ
1851-1950 hrs on 11725 АМ and 15720 DRM
2151-0458 hrs on 15720 АМ and 17675 DRM
- for Solomon Islands and the Niue, Tonga, Samoa and Cook islands; azimuth zero degrees
1551-1650 hrs on 7440 АМ and 5950 DRM
1651-1750 hrs on 9765 АМ and 9890 DRM
1751-1850 hrs on 11725 АМ and 11675 DRM
1951-2050 hrs on 11725 АМ and 17675 DRM
2051-2150 hrs on 11725 АМ and 15720 DRM
- for Papua New Guinea and Timor, azimuth 325 degrees
1059-1258 hrs on 15720 АМ and 9870 DRM
Written by Ivo Ivanov, Frequency Manager of Radio Bulgaria
Translated by Daniela Konstantinova
SOURCE: DX Program November 11, 2011 http://bit.ly/tUSrH6
Via Yimber Gaviria, Colombia
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